Producing integral multicolored screens on photographic blanks



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l. KITSEE PRODUCING INTEGRAL MULTICOLORED SCREENS ON PHOTOGRAPHIC BLANKS Filed Dec. 7. 1921 2 Sheets-Shea?. l

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' n. KWSEE PRQDUCING INTEGRAL MULTIGOLORED SCREENS ON PHOTOGRAPHIG BLANKS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l l, l

Filed De()D 7,' 1921 INVENTOR. ff/ E llla Patented Dec. 18, 1923.

yISllDOIIt TSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IPROJDUCING INTEGRAL MULTICOLORED SCREENS 0N PHOTOS-HIC BLANK@ Original application filed April 27, 1921, Serial 190.469.789. Divided and this application lerl December .To all whom z't may concern:

Be it known that l2, llsmon Kirsna, citizen of the United States, residingat Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvama, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Producing lntegral Multicolored Screens on Photographic Blanks (Division B of application Serial No. 464,789, filed April 27, 1921), ot which the following is a specication.

' My invention relates to an improvement in' producing integral multi-colored screens on photographic blanks.

This ap lication is a division (calle Division g) of application Serial No. 464,789, sled April 27, 192i.-

My invention embraces not only the process with the aid of which a celluloid or like blank may be provided with figurations of diil'erent colors, but it also contemplates the means and method of applying illustrates one form my 1n these ii'gurations in a simple and economical manner to the photographic blank. l am well aware that attempts have been made to produce multi-colored screens integral with photographic blanks. l am also aware that Letters Patents in the United States and vother countries have been issued for multi-colored screens, but so far no multicolored screens integral with photographic blanks, useful for movin g picture work have been made commeriy, and none of theLetters Patents described the means, so that persons versed in the art can produce such screens on commerical basis.

lt-is one thing, to state that figurations of two or more colors should be produced in required'minuteness on a photographic blank, but it is of far greater importance to clearly point-out not only the different steps required, butl also the different parts of the apparatus to be used in constructing such Screens, so that persons versed ,in the art may successfully produce the same `in commerical quantities.

I will first describe the process or method, with the 'aid of which a multi-colored screen can be/produced directly on a celluloid or other `suitable blank. As my invention has more special reference to moving picture films I take it for granted that the photoy 'rlphic blank consists of the usual celluloid lln the -accompanying drawing, which ention may take,

Serial No. 520,663.

Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive are plan views of parts of a film representing did'erent stages in the course of producing the multi-colored screens thereon. Fig. Z is a vertical longitudinal section partly in elevation of the device used in the production oi' the intergal color screen. lE ig. 8. is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 8-8 ci" Fie. 7. F ig. 9 is a plan View of two adjacent aises out oi' which the roller as illustrated in Fig. 8 is produced and of which the discs of Fig. 4' are parts. Fig. 10 is a plan view of one of the discs similar to those of Fig. 9, but with the part not recessed provided with teeth. F ig. 1l is a plan view of another modied form. 'of disc, the disc comprising a number of recessed parts interspaced by parts not recessed.

ln Figs. 1 to 6, 1 is the celluloid base, a the color with which one surface of the celluloid is tinted, and as l 'have selected here the screen to consist of the two colors, green and red, the color 2 represents'here, green. 3 indicates a covering layer, suataca lng the green tinted celluloid. 4: indicates the spaces from which the covering` layer and the green tint have been removed, 5 indicates the formerly clear spaces tinted now with a second color, here red. ln Fig. (i the whole screen is indicated by 6 and consists here of red lines interspaced by green lines the covering layer being entirely removed. lt will be noted that the lines-red as well as green--do not extend the entire length of of the ilm, but that the lines, the red.. as

well as the green are broken up and interspaced longitudinally as well as transversely, the red and the een lines alternating each other in both directions. These alten nations are produced through special arrangement of the discs as will later on, in describing these discs, be more clearly set forth. lin Fi 7 and 8 the device consists of a racetraczs 8, in its broad construction similar to the construction of the` race-track in' moving picture projectors and provided with means 9--9 to adjust the same, so that the film passing through the-racetrack may be vprovided with fthe required pressure to hold the same in level position. 10 indicates a'series of discs comprising the discs 11 and the discs 12, the discs 12 being' positioned alternately between the discs l1. Each of the discs, 11' as well as 12, is so constructed that only part of same, here one-half of its lill@ lll@ circumference will in the working lof the device come in lcutting' contact with the underlying -lm and for this reason each of the discscomprises the cutout part or clearance 2a, designed not to contact with the film and the part indicated by 25, which in the working of the device comes in cutting Contact with the film, whereby it will remove that part of the protective coating and color layer with which the film is provided, but it has to be noted, that in the assembled roller the discs are assembled in .a manner, so that the cutout part of one disc is opposite to the cutout part of the adjacent disc. In other words, when the discs are assembled on the shaft they will form or present a roller consisting of a series of discs, one-half of the circumference of each disc recessed, but the recessed halves of the adjoining discs oppositely positioned, as is clearly illustrated in Fig. 9, so that in the working of the device, that is during= each revolution of the roller, only one-half of the discs will be active as cutting discs during one-half of the. revolution of the roller and the other half of the discs will only be active as cutting discs during the second half ofthe revolution. The whole series of discs is positioned on and keyed to the revolvable shaft 13. 1li- 1st are means to hold the discs together in tight assembly. 15 are the means to raise and lower and place in exact relation the whole series of discs as to the film 16 passing through the race-track. In practice, I have found that the multi-colored screen does not need to have colored lines thereon of a smaller width than about 1-500 of an inch for each line. The screen therefore will consist here of. green lines of about y1-50() of an inch in y width interspaced, transversely as well as longitudinally, by red lines approximately the same width. Taking now for granted that the screen will consist, transversely considered of 500 lines per inch, 250 of each color, and taking for granted that the screen will be produced with the aid of'the device as illustrated in Figs. 7 and '8,.it' has to be stated, that each of the discs, 1l as well as 12 should be about 1-500 of an inch in thickness. For better understanding` I call the whole series of discs, as assembled on the shaft, the cutting roller and each inch of this .cutting roller will therefore` consist of 500- discs, 250 of which are recessed as to one half of their circumference 1n respect to oneposition Vof the roller and 250 of which are recessed as to one half of their circumference in respect to size for these discs is from 2 the opposite position of the roller. In prac- A tice, I have found -that avery, convenient to 3 inches in diameter.l 17 is an adjustable free'revolving roller, positioned in the cutout place 26 ofl the race-track and adapted to contact with the kfilm 16, sothat the same may not deviate from its proper position. 18 is an electric motor, with the aid of which the cutting roller maybe revolved. I have here shownthe motor as being connected to the shaft 13 with the aid of` a belt 27. The reason for ythis is: If the motor be connected directly to the shaft, the vibrations of the motor may injuriously aect the loperation of the cutting roller. 19 'is a spool from which the film is unwound during operation,y 20 the film already acted upon by means to draw the film under the cutting roller. i

The mode or method of producing the multi-colored screen according to my invention is substantially as follows: As my invention has more special reference to moving picture films, I will refer to the celluloid blank as film or part of film, useful to take thereon, after completion of the process and proper coating with pan-chromatic emulsion, negatives with the aid of which, positives may be produced and exhibited in the same manner and with substantially the same apparatus as moving pictures are projected today.

The first requisite is, a Celluloid blank in the form of a film, either perforated or unperforated. This film is then tinted on one surface with one color. The tinting with thercolor may be produced with the aid of rollers or brushes, and in this case, the opposite surface does not require any protective coatin.- The dye-solution should be such as to a ect the celluloid proper, but in a very mild degree. For this purpose dyes have to be selected, soluble in alcohol, and an agent affecting the celluloid has to be added. This agent may consist of any of the usual solvents, such for instance as amylacetate, acetone or ether. In the practical working, it was found, that a very even tint canbe applied to the celluloid, if the film is immersed in the liquid and moved to and fro. But in this case the underside =or opposite .surface has to be protected from the action of the dye-solution. This can readily be accomplished by covering the underside with a light coating of gelatine oralgum arabic. Care shall be taken notto m the cutting roller and 21 is the e the dye-solutionv too active or to leave the film too long in this solution, as otherwise ythe tintin will penetrate to a. depth greater than esred. After the im is taken from the color bath, the same is subjected to a'drying process either with or without the aid of artificial means. When completely dry, the tinted surface is provid- 'ed wlth a protective layer, such for instance as was used for protecting the underside from the dye-solution, that is with a coating of latine, gum arabic or substance similar 1n action. lAfter drying' the film l l l that partl which is tinted, so that the speed of the euttingro eiiciency ofsame.

remesa" is subjected to a' cutting process with the aid of the device, substantially as is illus# trated in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, in the following speed can easily be regulated -with the aid of a variable rheostat. The cutting roller has to be adjusted then in a manner so that the discs at the true or unre'cessedv diameter should slightlypress on the film and should, when rotated out through the protecting layer of the surface of the film protective layer as well as the tinted surface is removed and a space freed from the color andfprotective coating is produced. ln practice it has been `found that the eater the rotating er the greater the For a practical purposes it is suggested, V'that the speed of the cutting roller should he aboutA double' or A greater than the speed of the moving film,

1800 to 2500 revolutions per minute of the lilm cutting roller is not excessive. This speed can he regulated by the `sizesof the pulleys on the shaft of the cutting roller and on the shaft of the motor respectively. The movement of the dm should be in a direction opposite to the direction of the revolving cutting roller, as is clearly indicated by the dili'erent arrows; the feathered arrow indi- 'eating the direction of rotation of the cutvto ting roller and the unfeathered larrow the direction of the movement of the iilm through the race-track. After the wwhole .length ofthe lm has passed through the race-track--and has heen acted upon `by the cutting roller, it will present an appearance substantially as follows: colored lines of comparatively short length interspaced transversely and longitudinally by short,`

lines minus the color' and the rotective layer. ln other words the lm will represent a surface in whichshort colored lines will alternate transversely and longitudinally withv short clear lines. 'Y A film of' this description is clearly illustratedlin Fi .14. s

he upper surface of the lm soproduced is then subjected to a dye-solution of a color different from that of the first ldyesolution, hutI this solution should have suhstantially the saineproperties Yas the first dyesolution.- lt should celluloid now laid bare through the cutting off of the protective layer and Aformerly l' tinted part of the oelluloid. It has tobestated,'-that if the laying. .on of the second color is produced Wlththe aid of rollers here 21. This means is- .able friction rollers may have .,discs, ut it is obvious that the diameter of effectually tint the cessed as compared with the other discs, as

otherwise the nished product .will not be satisfactory. Care should also be taken to place the cutting roller in exact position as to the surface of the film to be cut and therefore the adjustment as indicated by l5 in Figs. 7' and 8 should be micromctrically correct. rllhe film, after the second tinting will, if green and red are used as dyeing solutions, represent a surface substantially as illustrated in Fig. 5. rlhe remainin protective coating may then he removed by simply washing the film in water and the film will present a surface substantially asy illustrated in Fig. 6.

f To reduce the heat, generated through the friction of the cutting roller and the moving means have to be provided to conduct this heat trom,- the device and a blast of `cool air, as practice has proven, will effectually reduce the temperature ofthe cutting roller as well as that of t-he film. ln Fig. 7, 23 indicates part of the means through which lthe cold air is conveyed honto the cuttin 'roller and the moving film.

ign the drawin shown a. perforated lm as lbeing-acted upon by the cutting roller, and therefore the means to draw the ilm through the racetrack is illustrated 'as the usual sprocket wheels, but if the vhn be unperforated,'suit he substituted for the sprocket wheels. l.

"During the explanation 'of thedrawing ll 'ven -giures of the diameter of the the discs may be increased or decreased in accordance with requlrements. l have also pointed out satisfactory speeds of thevcut.

ting roller as well as ofthe moving film; these speeds may he increased or decreased or the relative speedsof the roller and film may hechanged in accordance with requirements without departing from the s cope of my inventionv llfhave illustrated the discs to be smoothll have selected to bev edged because ll have found this construction of .the disc very satisfactory, but if it is 2; i l 5 desired to make the edges ragged, notched orV toothed, results may also he roduced from the revolving roller, hut care taken that the med edges or teeth 28 should nothe clogged-u or when clogged up, that they clean as otherwise the' stobe'A CFI result will not be satisfactory and the film will present an uneven appearance. l must also add, that if toothed discs be employed, the movement of'. the film as to the number of revolutions of the discs should be greatly reduced. I have also illustrated and described each cutting disc to comprise one continuous cutting edge, inter-spaced by one' between the two elements; that is the greater the speed of the revolving roller and the slower the speed of the moving film in relation therewith, the shorter4 will bev the transparent lines produced 'by the cutting g of the discs and therefore the shorter will pile thel colored figurations in the finished Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A moving picture film provided with comparatively short lines of different colors, both color lmcs directly on the Celluloid proper and one color line recessed as to the adjoining color line.

2. As a new article of manufacture a moving picture film, comprising the Celluloid film roper and, longitudinally and trans-- verse y considered, aseries of comparatively short lines, the lines of one color alternatin with the lines of a second color, the co ors embedded in the Celluloid proper.

picture film provided on its surface with v comparatively short lines of ones-color interspaced by comparative short lines of a second color, the lines of one color in intaglio as to the lines of the second color. p

6. As anew article of commerce a Celluloid blank useful for photography, the surface impregnated with comparative short lines of one color interspaced-longitudinally and transversely considered-by comparative short lines of a second color.

7,A color screen integral with photo-- ra hic` blanks comprising at least two colors an at least one color comprising comparatively short lines, some of the lines in intaglio as to the adjoining lines.

8. As a new article of manufacture a moving picture film provided with an integral screen, the screen consisting of comparatively short lines of one color interspaced by comparatively short lines of a second color, some of said short lines in intaglio and' some in relief.

9. A celluloid blank useful for photographic purposes having thereon comparatively short lines of one color longitudinally interspaced by comparatively short lines of a second color, bot-h of said colors embedded in the Celluloid proper.

In testimony whereof I affix m signature.

' ISIDOR ITSEE.

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